Denial of gender-based violence: introduction to the problem

The subject of this article is denial of gender-based violence. The author discusses the formulation of the definition of this concept and proposes a hypothetical scheme of possible manifestations of the denial of gender-based violence. The basis of this scheme lay the assumption that negation not is always simultaneously affected, and violent, and gender aspects of the situation. Depending on how comprehensive is the denial, differentiated between partial and full versions of the discussed phenomenon. The question is raised about the practical need to take into account not only a meaningful interpretation of gender-based violence, but also direct emotional responses to the collision with this phenomenon. The proposed assumptions regarding the possible psychological mechanisms of denial of gender-based violence, the perspectives of future empirical research in the designated area. It is pointed out, in particular, the need for further study of the denial of gender-based violence in people directly involved in what is happening and observing violence from outside.

1. Andronnikova O.O., Veterok E.V. Genderniye haracteristiki viktimnogo povedeniya kak resul’tat narusheniya social’nogo rasvitiya [Gender characteristics of victimization as a result of social development disorders] // Psichologicheskiye nauki [Psychological sciences],2017, no. 3(57). pp. 111-113.

2. Bendas T.V. Gendernaya psichologiya [Gender psychology]. Saint-Petersburg: Peter, 2006. 431 p.
3. Bovina I.B., Panova T.B., Malysheva N.G. VICH-infektsiya i VICH-infitsirovannye: osobennosti sotsial'nykh predstavlenij v dvukh vozrastnykh gruppakh [HIV infection and HIV information: features of social representations in two age groups]//Psikhologiya i parvo [Psychology&law],2012, no. 1, pp. 110-120.
4. Bovina I.B., Dvoryanchikov N.V., Konoplyova I.N., Kovalev M.А., Konkin V.YU. Narkotiki i narkomany: osobennosti sotsial'nykh predstavlenij v dvukh gruppakh molodezhi [Drugs and drug addicts: features of social representations in two groups of youth] //Psikhologo-pedagogicheskie issledovaniya [Psychological and pedagogical research], 2012. no. 3, pp. 130-140.
5. Burina E.А., Burina D.А. Fenomen SPID-dissidentstva [Phenomenon of AIDS-dissidence]// Novoe slovo v nauke: perspektivy razvitiya [New word in science: prospects of development], 2016, — no. 3, pp. 63-66.
6. Dementij L.I. K probleme diagnostiki sotsial'nogo konteksta i strategij koping-povedeniya [To the problem of diagnostics of social context and strategies of coping behavior] // ZHurnal prikladnoj psikhologii [Journal of applied psychology], 2004, no. 3, pp. 20-25.
7. Zinchenko V.P., Meshheryakov B.G. Bol'shoj psikhologicheskij slovar' [Great psychological dictionary]. Moscow: AST-Moskva, 2008. 868 P.
8. Klyotsina I.S., Ioffe I.V. Gendernyj podkhod v analize prichin proyavleniya nasiliya v blizkikh otnosheniyakh mezhdu muzhchinami i zhenshhinami [Gender approach to the analysis of the causes of violence in close relationships between men and women] // ZHenshhina v rossijskom obshhestve [Woman in Russian society],2015, no. 1 (74), pp. 4-17.
9. Klyotsina I. S. Psikhologicheskoe nasilie v gendernykh mezhlichnostnykh otnosheniyakh: sushhnost', prichiny i posledstviya [Psychological violence in gender interpersonal relations: the essence, causes and consequences] // ZHizn' bez nasiliya [Life without violence] / ed. S.L. Akimova. Saint-Petersburg: Ostrovityanin, 2009. pp. 7-30.
10. Klyotsina I.S. Razvitie gendernykh issledovanij v psikhologii [Development of gender research in psychology] // Obshhestvennye nauki i sovremennost' [Social Sciences and modernity], 2002, no. 3, pp. 181-192.
11. Kuprova N.P. O problemakh protivodejstviya nasiliyu v sem'e [On the issue of combating violence in the family] // Gumanitarnye i yuridicheskie issledovaniya [The Humanities and legal studies], 2013, no. 2, pp. 53-57.
12. Laktionova M.А. Gendernoe nasilie kak mezhdistsiplinarnaya problema [Gender violence as an interdisciplinary problem] / [Elektronnyj resurs] // Vestnik Аdygejskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Seriya 1: Regionovedenie: filosofiya, istoriya, sotsiologiya, yurisprudentsiya, politologiya, kul'turologiya. [Bulletin of Adyghe state University. Series 1: regional Studies: philosophy, history, sociology, law, political science, cultural studies]. 2011. — no 1. — Pp. 97-106. URL: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/gendernoe-nasilie-kak-mezhdistsiplinarnaya-problema (Accessed: 10.07.2018).
13. Margaryan N.M. Problemy protivodejstviya semejnogo nasiliya [Problems of combating family violence] // Vestnik magistratury [Bulletin of the magistracy], 2017, no. 12-1(75), pp. 115-117.
14. Morozova T. YU. Otsenka ehffektivnosti profilakticheskikh programm na osnove analiza urovnya sformirovannosti koping-strategij u podrostkov [Evaluation of the effectiveness of preventive programs based on the analysis of the level of formation of coping strategies in adolescents] // Psikhologo-pedagogicheskie aspekty sokhraneniya i ukrepleniya zdorov'ya shkol'nikov [Psychological and pedagogical aspects of preserving and strengthening the health of schoolchildren], 2008, pp. 15—46.
15. Ochered'ko V.P., Lomtev S.P., KHarlamov V.S. Geografiya kriminal'nogo supruzheskogo nasiliya v sovremennoj Rossii [Geography of criminal spousal violence in modern Russia]// Vserossijskij kriminologicheskij zhurnal [All-Russian journal of criminology], 2017, no. 4, pp. 666-674.
16. Rabota s mal'chikami i muzhchinami, postradavshimi ot seksual'nogo i gendernogo nasiliya v usloviyakh prinuditel'nogo peremeshheniya [Working with boys and men affected by sexual and gender-based violence in situations of forced displacement], Geneva: UNHCR, 2012. 13 p.
17. Tashhyova А.I., Gridneva S.V. Vospriyatie det'mi semejnogo nasiliya [Children's perception of family violence] // Psikhologiya i pravo [Psychology&law], 2013, no. 1, pp. 1-11.
18. Usilenie roli sistemy zdravookhraneniya v reagirovanii na gendernoe nasilie v Vostochnoj Evrope i TSentral'noj Аzii. Sbornik materialov [Strengthening the role of the health system in responding to gender-based violence in Eastern Europe and Central Asia. Collection of materials], Vienna: WAVE, 2014. 388 p.
19. Frejd Z. Psikhologiya bessoznatel'nogo: sbornik proizvedenij [Psychology of the unconscious: collection of works] // ed. M. G. Yaroshevsky. Moscow: Prosveshhenie, 1990. 448 p.
20. Lazarus R., Folkman S. Stress, appraisal and coping. New York: Springer Publishing Company, 1984. 456 p.