A review of research on the problem of aggression inhibitors (Part 1)

Most modern scholars in the genesis of the aggressive behavior inextricably consider proagressive factors and factors constraining, or inhibiting, aggressive manifestations. At the same time, there are also scientific approaches to understanding the nature of aggression, which in some cases does not focus directly on the structures inhibiting aggressive impulses, and are limited to considering only the aggression catalysts. In the present article we discuss the need to introduce the term "inhibitors of aggression", analyze different positions and views on this problem. We consider not only Russian conceptions of the nature of aggression retarding structures, but also the international research aimed at understanding the psychological analogue of this phenomenon: "protective factors". The first part of the article is devoted to the theoretical overview of the problem of aggression inhibitors, which not only traces the history of the studies of this phenomenon, but also makes an attempt to analyze few up-to-day theories of aggressive behavior, aimed at objectivation of the psychological mechanism of interaction of proagressive and inhibiting personality structures.

1. Bandura A. Teorija social'nogo nauchenija. – SPb.: Evrazija, 2000. 320 s.
2. Bartol K. Psihologija kriminal'nogo povedenija. – SPb.: Prajm-EVROZNAK, 2004. 352 s.
3. Berkovic L. Agressija: prichiny, posledstvija i kontrol'. – SPb.: Prajm-EVROZNAK, 2002. 512 s.
4. Bogdan S.S. Chelovecheskaja destruktivnost' kak forma agressii: jekzistencial'no-gumanisticheskij podhod // Istoricheskie, filosofskie, politicheskie i juridicheskie nauki, kul'turologija i iskusstvovedenie. Voprosy teorii i praktiki. 2011. S. 20–23.
5. Bulygina V.G. Novye instrumenty v zarubezhnoj praktike – strukturirovannoe izmerenie protektivnyh faktorov riska nasilija // Kochenovskie chtenija «Psihologija i pravo v sovremennoj Rossii». Sbornik tezisov uchastnikov Vserossijskoj konferencii po juridicheskoj psihologii s mezhdunarodnym uchastiem. – M.: MGPPU, 2012. S. 48–50.
6. Kalashnikova A.S. Sootnoshenie lichnostnyh predposylok raznonapravlennoj (getero- i auto-) agressii // Mir psihologii. 2009. № 4. S. 258–266.
7. Kalashnikova A.S. Psihologicheskie mehanizmy autoagressivnyh i geteroagressivnyh dejstvij u lic s psihicheskimi rasstrojstvami, ne iskljuchajushhimi vmenjaemosti [Jelektronnyj resurs] // Medicinskaja psihologija v Rossii. 2011. № 3(8). URL: http://www.medpsy.ru/mprj/archiv_global/2011_3_8/nomer/nomer07.php (data obrashhenija: 18.11.2013).
8. Lozhkin A.I. Psihologija lichnosti agressivno-nasil'stvennogo prestupnika (motivacionno-smyslovoj aspekt). Ekaterinburg: Izd-vo Ural. jurid. in-ta MVD Rossii, 2002. 136 s.
9. Lorenc K. Agressija (tak nazyvaemoe «zlo»): Per. s nem. – M.: Izdatel'skaja gruppa «Progress», «Univers», 1994. 272 s.
10. Nalchadzhjan A.A. Agressivnost' cheloveka. – SPb.: Piter, 2007. 736 s.
11. Safuanov F.S. Psihologija kriminal'noj agressii. – M.: Smysl, 2003. 300 s.
12. Frejd Z. Psihologija bessoznatel'nogo: Sb. proizvedenij / Sost., nauch. red., avt. vstup. st. M.G. Jaroshevskij.– M.: Prosveshhenie, 1990. 448 s.
13. Fromm Je. Anatomija chelovecheskoj destruktivnosti. Per. s nem. M.: AST, 2006. 640 s.
14. Anderson G.A., Carnagey N.L. Violent evil and the general aggression model / Chapter in Miller A.G.  (Ed.) The social psychology of good and evil. New York Guilford Publications, 2004. Pp. 162–192.
15. Blum  R.W., Ireland M. Reducing risk, increasing protective factors: Findings  from the Caribbean Youth Health Survey // Journal of Adolescent Health, 2004. № 35. Pp. 493–500.
16. Cobb R.A., DeWall C.N., Lambert N.M., Fincham F.D. Implicit theories of relationships and close relationship violence: does believing your relationship can grow relate to lower perpetration of violence? / Personality and social psychology bulletin. 2013. Pp. 279–292.
17. Cooper C., Eslinger D.M., Stolley P.D. Hospital-based violence intervention programs work // Journal of Trauma-Injury Infection and Critical Care, 2006. № 61. Pp. 534–540.
18. Costa F.M., Jessor R., Turbin M.S. Transition into adolescent problem drinking: The role psychosocial risk and protective factors // Journal of Studies on Alcohol, 1999. № 60. Pp. 480–490.
19. DeMatteo D., Heilbrun K., Marczyk G. Psychopathy, risk of violence,  and protective factors in a noninstitutionalized and noncriminal sample // International Journal Of Forensic Mental Health, 2005. № 4. Pp. 147–157.
20. Denson T.F., DeWall C.N., Finkel E.J. Self-Control and Aggression / Current Directions in Psychological Science, 2012. Pp. 20–25.
21. DeWall C.N., Anderson C.A., Bushman B.J. The general aggression model: Theoretical extensions to violence / Psychology of Violence. 2011. № 1. Pp. 245–258.
22. Dollard J., Doob L., Miller N.E., Mowrer H.O., Sears R.R. Frustration and aggression. New-Haven, Yale, 1939. 121 p.
23. Douglas K.S., Skeem, J.L. Violence risk assessment: Getting specific about  being dynamic // Psychology, Public Policy, and Law, 2005. № 11. Pp. 347–383.
24. Ezell M.E., Cohen L.E. Desisling from crime: Continuity and change in long-term crime patterns of serious chronic offenders // N.Y.: Oxford University Press, 2005. Р. 20.
25. Farrington D.P., Loeber R. Epidemiology of juvenile violence //  Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America, 2000. № 9. Pp. 733–748.
26. Fitzpatrick K.M. Fighting among America’s youth: A risk and protective factors approach // Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 1997. № 38. Pp. 131–148.
27. Fonagy P., Target M., Steele H. The development of violence and crime as it relates to security of attachment // in J. Osotsky (ed.) Children in a violent society, N.Y.: Guildford Press, 1997. Pp. 150–177.
28. Gagliardy G.J., Lovell D., Peterson P.D., Jemelka R. Forecasting recidivism in mentally ill offenders released from prison // Law and Human Behavior, 2004. № 28. Pp. 133–155.
29. Gendreau  P., Goggin C., Gray G. Case needs review : Employment domain // Saint Jonh, NB: Centre for Criminal Justice Studies, University of  New Brunswick, 2000.
30. Hawkins J.D., Catalano R.F., Miller J.Y. Risk and protective factors for alcohol and other drug problems in adolescence and early adulthood: Implications for substance abuse prevention // Psychological Bulletin, 1992. № 112. Pp. 64–105.
31. Heilbrun K. Violence risk: From prediction to management // in D. Carson and R. Bull (eds) Handbook of psychology in legal context. N.Y.: Wiley, 2003. Pp. 127–142.
32. Howells K., Day A., Williamson P., Bubner S., Jauncey S., Parker A., Heseltine K. Brief  anger management programs with  offenders: Outcomes and predictors of change, Journal of  Forensic Psychiatry and Psychology, 2005. № 16. Pp. 296–311.
33. Jessor R., Turbin M.S., Costa F.M., Dong Q., Zhang H., Wang C. Adolescent problem behavior in China and the United States: A cross-national study of psychosocial protective factors. Journal of Reseach on Adolescence. 2003. № 13. Pp. 329–360.
34. Jones N.J., Brown S.L. Positive reframing: The benefits of incorporating protective factors into risk assessment protocols // Crime scene, 2008. № 15. Pp. 22–24.
35. Kandel E., Mednick S.A., Kirkegaard-Sorensen L., Hutchings B., Knop J., Rosenberg R., Schulsinger  F. IQ as a protective factor for subjects at high risk for antisocial behavior // Journal of  Interpersonal Violence. 1988. № 25. Pp. 568–587.
36. Maruna S., Roy K. Amputation or reconstruction? Notes on the concept of ‘knifing off’ and desistance from crime // Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice. 2006. № 22. Pp. 1–21.
37. Pearce M.J., Jones S.M., Schwab-stone M.E., Ruchkin V. The protective effects of religiousness and parent involvement on the development of conduct problems among youth exposed to violence // Child Development. 2003. № 74. Pp. 1682–1696.
38. Resnick M.D., Ireland M., Borowsky I. Youth violence perpetration: What protects? What predicts? Findings from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health. 2004. № 35. Р. 424.
39. Rogers R. The uncritical acceptance of risk assessment in forensic practice // Law and Human Behavior. 2000. № 24. Pp. 595–605.
40. Ross T., Fontao M.I. The relationship of self-regulation and aggression: an empirical test of personality systems interaction theory / International journal of offender therapy and comparative criminology. 2008. Pp. 554–572.
41. Rutter M. Resilience in the face of adversity: protective factors and resistance to psychiatric disorder // Br J Psychiatr, 1985. Pp. 598–611.
42. Tangney J.P., Baumeister R.F., Boone A.L. High self-control predicts good adjustment, less pathology, better grades, and interpersonal success // Journal of Personality. 2004. № 72. Pp. 271–324.
43. Tangney J.P., Stuewig  J., Mashek D., Hastings M. Assessing jail inmates’ proneness to shame and guilt: feeling bad about the behavior or the Self? / Criminal justice and behavior, 2011. Pp. 710–734.
44. Turbin M.S., Jessor R., Costa F.M., Dong Q., Zhang H., Wang C. Protective and risk factors in health-enhancing behavior among adolescents in China and the United States: Does social context matter? // Health Psychology, 2006. № 25. Pp. 445–454.
45. Vance J.E., Bowen N.K., Fernandez G., Thompson S. Risk and protective factors as predictors of outcome in adolescents with psychiatric disorder and aggression // Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. 2002. № 41. Pp. 36–43.
46. Vaughan B. The internal narrative of desistance // British Journal of Criminology. 2007. № 47. Pp. 390–404.
47. VriesRobbé de, Vogel de. Chapter on Protective factors for violence risk: Bringing balance to risk assessment and management // Managing Clinical Risk by Caroline Logan & Lorraine Johnstone, 2012. Pp. 293–310.
48. Webster C.D., Martin M., Brink J., Nicholls T.L., Middleton C. Short-Term Assessment of Risk and Treatability (START): An evaluation and planning guide. Hamilton, Ontario: St. Joseph’s Heathcare Hamilton, 2004. Pp. 1–15.