Psychological and psychosomatic risk factors of suicidal intentions in adolescents

The article presents an overview of modern foreign studies, which aim to study the psychological, somatic and psychosomatic risks of suicidal behavior of adolescents, and, as an empirical illustration, results of the study of psychological and psychosomatic correlates of adolescent depression and suicidality. A rather extensive list of risk factors for suicide, described in foreign literature, was reduced to four classes: somatic (psychosomatic), intrapsychological, socio-psychological, behavioral. It has been shown that the greatest association with suicidal intentions and attempts belongs to depressive states, however, this association, in most cases, is mediated by other predictors of the risk of a suicide. The results of the empirical study described the main psychosomatic dysfunctions in adolescents’ suicides, usually accompanied by asthenic states.

1. Ambrumova A.G., Tikhonenko V.A. Diagnostika suitsidal'nogo povedeniya: Metodicheskie rekomendatsii [Diagnosis of suicidal behavior: Methodological recommendations] [Elektronnyi resurs]. Moscow: Moskovskii nauchno-issledovatel'skii institut psikhiatrii [Moscow Research Institute of Psychiatry]. 1980. 58 p. URL: https://www.studmed.ru/view/abrumova-ag-tihonenko-va-diagnostika-suicidalnogo-povedeniya_2c4fd3f064f.html (Accessed 20.03.2020). (In Russ.).
2. Ekimova V.I. Trudnye podrostki. Prakticheskie materialy po psikhodiagnostike i otsenke otklonyayushchegosya povedeniya [Difficult teens. Practical materials on psychodiagnostics and assessment of deviant behavior]. Moscow: Arkti, 2007. 86 p. (In Russ.).
3. Khairullin R.M. [et al.] Patterny konstitutsional'nykh osobennostei kak osnova dlya otsenki adaptatsii k uchebnomu protsessu [Patterns of constitutional features as a basis for assessing adaptation to the educational process] [Elektronnyi resurs]. Bioupravlenie v meditsine i sporte. Materialy I vserossiiskoi konferentsii [Biofeedback in medicine and sport. Materials of the 1st All-Russian Conference]. Novosibirsk: Institut meditsinskoi i biologicheskoi kibernetiki SO RAMN, 1999, pp. 125–126. URL: https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=26215823 (Accessed 02.02.2020). (In Russ.).
4. Kostev K. et al. Association between chronic somatic conditions and depression in children and adolescents: A retrospective study of 13,326 patients. Journal of Affective Disorders, 2019. Vol. 245, pp. 697–701. DOI:10.1016/j.jad.2018.11.014
5. Baiden P. et al. Association between insufficient sleep and suicidal ideation among adolescents. Psychiatry Research, 2019. Vol. 245. pp. 697–701. DOI:10.1016/j.psychres.2019.112579
6. Septier M. et al. Association between suicidal spectrum behaviors and Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, 2019. Vol. 103, pp. 109–118. DOI:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.05.022
7. Capuzzi E. et al. Biomarkersof suicidal behaviors: A comprehensive critical review. Advances in Clinical Chemistry, 2019. In press. DOI:10.1016/bs.acc.2019.11.005
8. DeCou C.R., Lynch S.M. Emotional reactivity, trauma-related distress, and suicidal ideation among adolescent inpatient survivors of sexual abuse // Child Abuse and Neglect, 2019. Vol. 89, pp. 155–164. DOI:10.1016/j.chiabu.2019.01.012
9. Lang C.M. et al. Dialectical Behavior Therapy With Prolonged Exposure for Adolescents: Rationale and Review of the Research. Cognitive and Behavioral Practice, 2018. Vol. 25, no. 3, pp. 416–426. DOI:10.1016/j.cbpra.2017.12.005
10. Raj S. et al. Effectiveness of mindfulness based cognitive behavior therapy on life satisfaction, and life orientation of adolescents with depression and suicidal ideation. Asian Journal of Psychiatry, 2019. Vol. 39, pp. 58–62. DOI:10.1016/j.ajp.2018.12.001
11. Wang Y. et al. Family dysfunction and Adolescents' anxiety and depression: A multiple mediation model. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 2020. Vol. 66, 12 p. DOI:10.1016/j.appdev.2019.101090
12. Lewisa C.P. et al. Preliminary evidence of an association between increased cortical inhibition and reduced suicidal ideation in adolescents treated for major depression. Journal of Affective Disorders, 2019. Vol. 244, pp. 21–24. DOI:10.1016/j.jad.2018.09.079
13. Liu Z.Z. et al. Psychological and behavioral characteristics of suicide attempts and nonsuicidal self-injury in Chinese adolescents. Journal of Affective Disorders, 2018. Vol. 226, № 8. pp. 287–293. DOI:10.1016/j.jad.2017.10.010
14. Berona J. et al. Psychopathology profiles of acutely suicidal adolescents: Associations with post-discharge suicide attempts and rehospitalization. Journal of Affective Disorders, 2017. Vol. 209, pp. 97–104. DOI:10.1016/j.jad.2016.10.036
15. Reed K.P., Nugent W., Cooper R.L. Testing a path model of relationships between gender, age, and bullying victimization and violent behavior, substance abuse, depression, suicidal ideation, and suicide attempts in adolescents. Children and Youth Services Review, 2015. Vol. 55, pp. 128–137. DOI:10.1016/j.childyouth.2015.05.016
16. Duarte T.A. et al. Self-harm as a predisposition for suicide attempts: A study of adolescents' deliberate self-harm, suicidal ideation, and suicide attempts. Psychiatry Research, 2019. In Press, 7 p. DOI:10.1016/j.psychres.2019.112553
17. Allen N.B. et al. Short-term prediction of suicidal thoughts and behaviors in adolescents: Can recent developments in technology and computational science provide a breakthrough? Journal of Affective Disorders, 2019. Vol. 250, pp. 163–169. DOI:10.1016/j.jad.2019.03.044
18. Liu B.P. et al. Stressful life events, insomnia and suicidality in a large sample of Chinese adolescents. Journal of Affective Disorders, 2019. Vol. 249, pp. 404–409. DOI:10.1016/j.jad.2019.02.047
19. Suárez-Soto E., Pereda N., Guilera G. Poly-victimization, resilience, and suicidality among adolescents in child and youth-serving systems. Children and Youth Services Review, 2019. Vol. 106, 8 p. DOI:10.1016/j.childyouth.2019.104500
20. Chou W. et al. Suicidality and its relationships with individual, family, peer, and psychopathology factors among adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 2016. Vol. 53–54, pp. 86–94. DOI:10.1016/j.ridd.2016.02.001
21. Ernst M. et al. Suicide attempts in chronically depressed individuals: What are the risk factors? Psychiatry Research, 2019. In Press, 7 p. DOI:10.1016/j.psychres.2019.112481
22. Fang X. et al. The association between somatic symptoms and suicidal ideation in Chinese first-episode major depressive disorder. Journal of Affective Disorders, 2019. Vol. 245, pp. 17–21. DOI:10.1016/j.jad.2018.10.110
23. Asante K.O. et al. The prevalence and correlates of suicidal behaviours (ideation, plan and attempt) among adolescents in senior high schools in Ghana. SSM – Population Health, 2017. Vol. 3, pp. 427–434. DOI:10.1016/j.ssmph.2017.05.005
24. Tang W. et al. The relationship between the frequency of suicidal ideation and sleep disturbance factors among adolescent earthquake victims in China. General Hospital Psychiatry, 2018. Vol. 55, pp. 90–97. DOI:10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2018.09.013
25. Rodelli M. et al. Which healthy lifestyle factors are associated with a lower risk of suicidal ideation among adolescents faced with cyberbullying? Preventive Medicine, 2018. Vol. 113, pp. 32–40. DOI:10.1016/j.ypmed.2018.05.002