Gender Features of Migration Attitudes of Omsk Gifted Schoolchildren with Different Levels of Resilience and Subjective Well-being

The study is aimed at identifying gender characteristics of the connection between resilience and subjective well-being and the migration attitudes of Siberian schoolchildren. The survey involved students of secondary educational institutions in Omsk and Omsk Region (N=461), from 14 to 17 years old (15.5, SD=1.39), 268 (58.1%) girls, 193 (41.9%) boys. Methods of testing and questioning, expert interviews were applied. Research methods: S. Maddy's Hardiness Test adapted by D.A. Leontiev, E.I. Rasskazova; Method of Diagnosing the Subjective Well-being of the Individual by R.M. Shamionov, T.V. Beskova; the Scale of Migratory Attitudes of Personality by S.A. Kuznetsova; the author's questionnaire, which included questions about the socio-demographic characteristics of schoolchildren, their intellectual activity. The obtained results testify to the existence of a connection between hardiness and subjective well-being with the migratory attitudes of intellectually gifted and motivated girls. At the same time, the migratory attitudes of young men are practically not connected with the above-mentioned constructs, regardless of their level of giftedness and activity. In the group of gifted girls, a decrease in hardiness, in particular, control and involvement, as well as subjective, in particular, emotional and ego well-being, leads to an increase in migratory attitudes. In the group of motivated girls, in a similar way, attitudes about migration are associated with control and involvement, subjective well-being. The conclusion is made about the differentiated connection of gender and giftedness with the migration attitudes of schoolchildren, its mediation by the level of their resilience and well-being.

1. Alekseev N.A. Psihologiya i pedagogika odarennogo rebenka [Psychology and pedagogy of a gifted child]. Tyumen': Izd-vo Tyumen. gos. un-ta, 2017. 310 p.
2. Ahmedov O.S., Radzhabov SH.S. Kriterii vydeleniya vidov odarennosti [Criteria for identifying types of giftedness]. Problemy pedagogiki = Problems of pedagogy, No. 6 (57), pp. 61-65.
3. Vypusknikam rekomendovali stolicy [Elektronnyj resurs] [Graduates were recommended capitals]. Levada Centr. Analiticheskij centr YUriya Levady [Levada Center. Yuri Levada Analytical Center]. URL: https://www.levada.ru/2018/05/22/vypusknikam-rekomendovali-stolitsy/ (Accessed 12.07.2022).
4. Gabdrahmanov N.K., Nikiforova N.YU., Leshukov O.V. «Ot volgi do Eniseya...»: obrazovatel'naya migraciya molodezhi v Rossii ["From the Volga to the Yenisei...": educational migration of youth in Russia]. M.: NIU VSHE, 2019. 48 p.
5. Karachurina L.B., Mkrtchyan N.V. Mezhregional'naya migraciya v Rossii: vozrastnye osobennosti [Interregional migration in Russia: age specifics]. Demograficheskoe obozrenie = Demographic overview, 2016. No. 4, pp. 47-65.
6. Kashnickij I. S., Mkrtchyan N. V., Leshukov O. V. Mezhregional'naya migraciya molodezhi v Rossii: kompleksnyj analiz demograficheskoj statistiki [Interregional youth migration in Russia: a comprehensive analysis of demographic statistics]. Voprosy obrazovaniya = Educational studies, 2016. Vol. 13, no. 3, pp. 169-203. DOI: 10.17323/1814-9545-2016-3-169-203.
7. Kuznecova S.A., Kuznecov I.YU., Feshchenko A.V. Razrabotka shkaly migracionnyh ustanovok lichnosti [Development of a scale of migration attitudes of a personality]. Vestnik Rossijskogo universiteta druzhby narodov. Seriya: Psihologiya i pedagogika = Bulletin of Peoples' Friendship University of Russia. Series: Psychology and Pedagogy, 2014. No. 1, pp. 83-90.
8. Larionova T.V., Volgina A.M. Vidy odarennosti detej i kriterii ee vyyavleniya [Types of Giftedness in Children and Criteria for its Identification]. Psihologo-pedagogicheskij zhurnal Gaudeamus = Psychological and Pedagogical Journal Gaudeamus, 2008. Vol. 1 no.13, pp. 168-174.
9. Mazilov V.A., Slepko YU.N. Psihologicheskoe issledovanie odarennosti: problema teorii i metoda [Psychological study of giftedness: the problem of theory and method]. Sibirskij psihologicheskij zhurnal = Siberian Psychological Journal, 2021. No. 79, pp. 30-47. DOI: 10.17223/17267080/79/3.
10. Leont'ev D.A., Rasskazova E.I. Test zhiznestoikosti. Metodicheskoe rukovodstvo po novoi metodike psikhologicheskoi diagnostiki lichnosti s shirokoi oblast'yu primeneniya. Prednaznachaetsya dlya professional'nykh psikhologov-issledovatelei i praktikov [Vitality test. Methodological guide to a new method of psychological diagnosis of personality with a wide range of applications. Designed for professional research psychologists and practitioners]. Moscow: Smysl, 2006. 43 p.
11. Mel'nikova L.A., Suslonov P.E. Professional'naya kompetentnost' kak forma odarennosti vzroslogo cheloveka [Professional competence as a form of giftedness of an adult]. Lichnost', sem'ya i obshchestvo: voprosy pedagogiki i psihologii = Personality, family and society: issues of pedagogy and psychology, 2014. No. 45, pp. 82-86.
12. Milgrem R., Gong E. Tvorcheskaya vneshkol'naya aktivnost' intellektual'no odarennyh starsheklassnikov kak prognosticheskaya harakteristika ih dostizhenij: longityudnoe issledovanie [Creative Out-of-School Activity of Intellectually Gifted High School Students as a Prognostic Characteristic of Their Achievements: A Longitudinal Study]. In Bogoyalenskij D.B. (ed.) Osnovnye sovremennye koncepcii tvorchestva i odarennosti [Basic modern concepts of creativity and giftedness]. Moscow: Molodaya gvardiya, 1997, pp. 143-161.
13. Mitin D.N. Intellektual'naya migraciya: sushchnost', posledstviya i puti resheniya [Intellectual migration: essence, consequences and solutions]. Vestnik Rossijskogo universiteta druzhby narodov. Seriya: Politologiya = Bulletin of the Peoples' Friendship University of Russia. Series: Political Science, 2011. No. 1, pp. 41-47.
14. Ochirova G.N. Obrazovatel'naya migraciya iz respubliki Buryatiya: faktory, masshtaby i napravleniya [Educational migration from the Republic of Buryatia: factors, scales and directions]. Vestnik universiteta = University Bulletin, No. 4, pp. 181-188. DOI: 10.26425/1816-4277-2021-4-181-188.
15. Teplov B.M. Problemy individual'nyh razlichij [Problems of Individual Differences]. M.: Izd-vo Akad. ped. nauk RSFSR, 1961. 536 p.