Age-Related Features of Depression in Residence of the Arctic Zone

40

Abstract

The study aims to investigate the age-related characteristics of depression among residents of the Arctic zone, considering gender and the period of data collection. This cross-sectional study utilized data collected as part of the Cardiovascular Disease Project (N=2380). Study participants were randomly selected using stratified sampling based on age and gender. Depression was assessed using the PHQ-9 depression scale, which consists of 9 questions based on the DSM-IV diagnostic criteria for depression, asking about the patient's experiences over the past 2 weeks. In the course of studying the age-related characteristics of depression among residents of the Arctic zone, it was found that certain symptoms of depression are more prevalent in young people; however, the chance of moderate to severe depression is significantly higher in older women.

General Information

Keywords: depression, age-related characteristics, photoperiodicity

Journal rubric: Empirical Research

Article type: scientific article

DOI: https://doi.org/10.17759/cpse.2024130202

Funding. The “Know Your Heart” study was part of the International Project on Cardiovascular Disease in Russia, implemented in 2014-2019 with financial support from the Welcome Trust.

Received: 26.10.2023

Accepted:

For citation: Klimak A.V., Kharkova O.A., Kudryavtsev A.V. Age-Related Features of Depression in Residence of the Arctic Zone [Elektronnyi resurs]. Klinicheskaia i spetsial'naia psikhologiia = Clinical Psychology and Special Education, 2024. Vol. 13, no. 2, pp. 34–45. DOI: 10.17759/cpse.2024130202. (In Russ., аbstr. in Engl.)

References

  1. Zinchuk M.S., Avedisova A.S., Zhabin M.O., Gekht A.B. Suitsidal'nost' v pozdnem vozraste: sotsiokul'tural'nye i klinicheskie faktory riska [Suicidality in the elderly: socio-cultural and clinical risk factors]. Zhurnal nevrologii i psikhiatrii im. S.S. Korsakova = S.S. Korsakov Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry, Vol. 118, no. 7, pp. 104–111. DOI: 10.17116/jnevro201811871104 (In Russ., abstr. in Engl.)
  2. Kot T.L., Bochkarev M.V., Nikiforova E.I. Fotoperiodicheskaya sezonnost' obostrenii i sotsial'nyi status bol'nykh s ekzogennoi i endogennoi depressiei, prozhivayushchikh v severnom regione Rossii [Photoperiodic seasonal exacerbations and social status of patients with exogenous and endogenous depressions, residing in the northern region of Russia]. Vestnik KRSU = Journal “Herald of KRSU”, 2014. Vol. 14, no. 4, pp. 110–112. (In Russ., abstr. in Engl.)
  3. Lur'e A.Zh. Depressiya kak simptom sosudistogo porazheniya mozga [Depression as a symptom of vascular brain damage]. Meditsinskie Novosti, 2021. No. 1 (316), pp. 63–64. (In Russ., abstr. in Engl.)
  4. Manchuk V.T., Nadtochii L.A. Proyavlenie sindroma polyarnogo napryazheniya u korennogo naseleniya Severa [Manifestation of the polar stress syndrome in the indigenous population of the North]. In: V.T. Manchuk, S.V. Smirnova (Eds.). Aktual'nye voprosy dolgoletiya: Materialy Vserossiiskoi nauchno-prakticheskoi konferentsii, Krasnoyarsk, 8-10 dekabrya 2010 = Topical issues of longevity: materials of the All-Russian Scientific and Practical Conference, Krasnoyarsk, December 8-10, 2010. Krasnoyarsk: Publ. KrasGMU, 2010. Pp. 93–98. (In Russ.)
  5. Manchuk V.T., Nadtochii L.A. Sostoyanie zdorov'ya korennykh i malochislennykh narodov Severa, Sibiri i Dal'nego Vostoka, osobennosti formirovaniya patologii [The state of health of indigenous and small-numbered peoples of the North, Siberia and the Far East, peculiarities of pathology formation]. Krasnoyarsk: Verso, 2011. 338 p. (In Russ.)
  6. Molchanova I.V., Skvortsov V.V., Indichenko M.A. et al. Depressivnye sostoyaniya [Depressive States]. Meditsinskaya sestra = “The Nurse” Journal, 2018. Vol. 20 (3), pp. 51–56. DOI: 10.29296/25879979-2018-03-13
  7. Pogosova N.V., Dovzhenko T.V., Babin A.G. et al. Russkoyazychnaya versiya oprosnika PHQ-2 i 9: chuvstvitel'nost' i spetsifichnost' pri vyyavlenii depressii u patsientov obshchemeditsinskoi ambulatornoi praktiki [Russian version of PHQ-2 and 9 questionnaires: sensitivity and specificity in detection of depression in outpatient general medical practice]. Kardiovaskulyarnaya terapiya i profilaktika = Cardiovascular Therapy and Prevention, 2014. Vol. 13, no. 3, pp. 18–24. DOI: 10.15829/1728-8800-2014-3-18-24 (In Russ., abstr. in Engl.)
  8. Problemy zdravookhraneniya i sotsial'nogo razvitiya Arkticheskoi zony Rossii [Problems of healthcare and social development of the Arctic zone of Russia]. G.N. Degtev (Ed.). Moscow; St. Petersburg: Paulsen, 2011. 472 p.
  9. Ballard C., O’Brien J. Behavioural and psychological symptoms. In: Erkinjuntti T., Gauthier (Eds.). Vascular cognitive impairment. London: Martin-Dunitz, 2002. P. 237–252.
  10. Bitew T. Prevalence and risk factors of depression in Ethiopia: a review. Ethiopian Journal of Health Science, 2014. Vol. 24 (2), pp. 161–169. DOI: 10.4314/ejhs.v24i2.9
  11. Bromet E., Andrade L.H., Hwang I. et al. Cross-national epidemiology of DSM-IV major depressive episode. BMC Medicine, 2011. Vol. 9, art. 90. DOI: 10.1186/1741-7015-9-90
  12. Cook S., Malyutina S., Kudryavtsev A.V. et al. Know Your Heart: Rationale, design and conduct of a cross-sectional study of cardiovascular structure, function and risk factors in 4500 men and women aged 35–69 years from two Russian cities, 2015–18. Wellcome Open Research, 2018. Vol. 3, art. 67. DOI: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.14619.3
  13. Kanowski S. Age-dependent epidemiology of depression. Gerontology, 1994. Vol. 40 (1), pp. 1–4. DOI: 10.1159/000213612
  14. Kessler R.C., Birnbaum H.G., Shahly V. et al. Age differences in the prevalence and co-morbidity of DSM-IV major depressive episodes: results from the WHO World Mental Health Survey Initiative. Depression and Anxiety, 2010. Vol. 27, pp. 351–364. DOI: 10.1002/da.20634
  15. Kessler R.C., Bromet E.J. The epidemiology of depression across cultures. Annual Review of Public Health, 2013. Vol. 34, pp. 119–138. DOI: 10.1146/annurev-publhealth-031912-114409
  16. Kroenke K., Spitzer R.L., Williams J.B.W. The PHQ-9: validity of a brief depression severity measure. Journal of General Internal Medicine, 2001. Vol. 16 (9), pp. 606–613. DOI: 10.1046/j.1525-1497.2001.016009606.x
  17. Qadir F., Haqqani S., Khalid A. et al. A pilot study of depression among older people in Rawalpindi, Pakistan. BMC Research Notes, 2014. Vol. 7, art. 409. DOI: 10.1186/1756-0500-7-409
  18. Salk R.H., Hyde J.S., Abramson L.Y. Gender differences in depression in representative national samples: Meta-Analyses of diagnoses and symptoms. Psychological Bulletin, 2017. Vol. 143 (8), pp. 783–822. DOI: 10.1037/bul0000102
  19. Santos E.R., Huang H., Menezes P.R., Scazufca M. Prevalence of depression and depression care for populations registered in primary care in two remote cities in the Brazilian Amazon. PLoS ONE, Vol. 11 (3), e0150046. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0150046
  20. Thorn L., Evans P., Cannon A. et al. Seasonal differences in the diurnal pattern of cortisol secretion in healthy participants and those with self-assessed seasonal affective disorder. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 2011. Vol. 36 (6), pp. 816–823. DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2010.11.003
  21. Van de Velde S., Bracke P., Levecque K. Gender differences in depression in 23 European countries. Cross-national variation in the gender gap in depression. Social Science & Medicine, Vol. 71 (2), pp. 305–313. DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2010.03.035
  22. Weissman M.M., Bland R.C., Canino G.J. et al. Cross-national epidemiology of major depression and bipolar disorder. JAMA, 1996. Vol. 276 (4), pp. 293–299. DOI: 10.1001/jama.1996.03540040037030

Information About the Authors

Alexander V. Klimak, day hospital medical psychologist, Arkhangelsk Clinical Psychiatric Hospital, Arkhangelsk, Russia, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4008-6940, e-mail: alex.klimak@yandex.ru

Olga A. Kharkova, PhD in Psychology, Associate professor, Northern State Medical University, Arkhangelsk, Russia, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3130-2920, e-mail: harkovaolga@yandex.ru

Alexandr V. Kudryavtsev, PhD, Head of the International Center for Scientific Competence, Northern State Medical University, Arkhangelsk, Russia, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8902-8947, e-mail: alex.v.kudryavtsev@yandex.ru

Metrics

Views

Total: 95
Previous month: 38
Current month: 30

Downloads

Total: 40
Previous month: 14
Current month: 10