I.A. Sokolyansky and his methods of teaching children with hearing and visual impairments

The article tells about the dramatic, but eventful life of a Russian scientist, I.A. Sokolyansky (1898—1960), and focuses on the period before 1930s, when L.S. Vygotsky was alive. The author gives a detailed description of a long-forgotten technique of "conjoint motor reactions" that was developed by I.A. Sokolyansky for teaching deaf children and was widely known in 20—30s. This technique allowed specialists to teach deaf children in a very short time to understand oral (through lip-reading) or written instructions on accomplishing a sequence of actions. Vygotsky considered this technique to be the evidence of a new direction in future surdopedagogy constructed on the principle of logical connected speech. The article also tells about the methods Sokolyansky used in teaching blind-deaf-mute children in his Kharkov school in 1923—1936. The tasks he gave to deaf-mute children with different levels of mental development and the methods of successful teaching are described in the article as well.

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